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Thurtell / Tomsak / Daroff

Neuro-Ophthalmology

Medium: Buch
ISBN: 978-0-19-539084-1
Verlag: OUP USA
Erscheinungstermin: 01.12.2011
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Neuro-ophthalmology is a field of medicine that touches on every subspecialty in neurology, but has an undeserved reputation as a branch of knowledge that is difficult to learn and practice. Many neurologists and ophthalmologists do not receive sufficient exposure to neuro-ophthalmology during their residencies, and are uncomfortable diagnosing and treating patients with neuro-ophthalmic problems.

Authored by neuro-ophthalmologists whose careers span three generations in the field, Neuro-Ophthalmology helps clinicians evaluate and manage patients with neuro-ophthalmic problems. This "curb-side consult" approach is divided into five sections: afferent (visual) disorders; efferent (eye movement) disorders; eyelid disorders; pupil disorders; and combination syndromes. Based on the most current scholarly evidence and filled with practical advice, Neuro-Ophthalmology
provides the answers to "what do I do now?"

Produkteigenschaften

  • Artikelnummer: 9780195390841
  • Medium: Buch
  • ISBN: 978-0-19-539084-1
  • Verlag: OUP USA
  • Erscheinungstermin: 01.12.2011
  • Sprache(n): Englisch
  • Auflage: Erscheinungsjahr 2011
  • Serie: What Do I Do Now
  • Produktform: Kartoniert
  • Gewicht: 247 g
  • Seiten: 208
  • Format (B x H x T): 141 x 224 x 15 mm
  • Ausgabetyp: Kein, Unbekannt

Themen

Autoren/Hrsg.

Autoren

Thurtell, Matthew J.

Tomsak, Robert L.

Daroff, Robert B.

1. Optic Neuritis
Optic neuritis is the most frequent cause of optic neuropathy in young adults and is often encountered in clinical practice. In this chapter, we summarize the cardinal signs of optic neuropathy and discuss the diagnostic evaluation and management of idiopathic optic neuritis.

2. Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy occurs in the setting of giant cell arteritis and is a medical emergency, as there is a high risk of fellow eye involvement if corticosteroid treatment is not initiated in a timely fashion. In this chapter, we review the clinical features of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. We also discuss the evaluation and treatment of patients with suspected giant cell arteritis.

3. Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is the most frequent cause of optic neuropathy in older adults. Its pathogenesis remains uncertain, although it often occurs in patients with small structurally-congested optic discs. We summarize the symptoms, signs, possible precipitating factors, and management of this common optic neuropathy.

4. Compressive Optic Neuropathy
Optic nerve compression results in progressive, and often painless, monocular vision loss. In this chapter, we review the clinical signs and common causes of compressive optic neuropathy. We discuss in more detail the imaging characteristics and management of optic nerve sheath meningioma.

5. Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Monocular and binocular vision loss can occasionally be caused by hereditary optic neuropathy. While progressive painless binocular central vision loss is characteristic of dominant optic atrophy, acute painless monocular vision loss is characteristic of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. We discuss the clinical features and evaluation of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, and briefly mention promising treatment options.

6. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is a syndrome of raised intracranial pressure of unknown cause that most often occurs in obese young women. Bilateral papilledema is usually present and can cause severe irreversible vision loss if left untreated. In this chapter, we review the symptoms, signs, evaluation, and management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

7. Pseudopapilledema
A diagnostic dilemma often arises when a patient with headaches is found to have optic nerve head elevation. Anomalous optic nerve head elevation often mimics papilledema and is therefore known as pseudopapilledema. In this chapter, we review the features that help to distinguish pseudopapilledema from papilledema and we discuss common causes of pseudopapilledema, such as optic nerve head drusen.

8. Chiasmal Syndromes
Dysfunction of the optic chiasm typically produces bitemporal visual field defects. Chiasmal dysfunction most frequently results from compression by extrinsic lesions, such as pituitary macroadenomas and suprasellar meningiomas. We describe the clinical signs of chiasmal dysfunction in this chapter. We also discuss the evaluation and management of pituitary apoplexy.

9. Homonymous Hemianopia
Homonymous hemianopia is caused by lesions involving the retrochiasmal visual pathways or primary visual cortex. The most common cause of homonymous hemianopia is stroke. We discuss the approach to the patient with homonymous hemianopia, with specific reference to prognosis, implications for driving, and rehabilitation.

10. Higher Visual Function Disorders
A disorder of higher visual function should be considered when visual complaints are out of proportion to examination findings. Such disorders can remain undiagnosed until other cognitive deficits develop. In this chapter, we review common higher visual function disorders, with specific reference to the visual (posterior) variant of Alzheimer's disease.

11. Transient Visual Loss
Transient visual loss